Another venture of Michigan native Tadd Mullinix (aka Dabrye, James T. Cotton), Charles Manier debuted in February 2002 on Ghostly International's Tangent 2002: Disco Nouveau compilation with "Change You," a seemingly lost track from the heyday of early-'80s New York City clubs -- something like a Factory-ZE Records soundclash. Four months later, "Out Like a Tooth" appeared on Ersatz Audio's Misery Loves Company, and Ghostly issued Manier's Bang Bang Lover, a three-track 12" that placed the fields of electronic body music -- with inspiration from the likes of Throbbing Gristle, Liaisons Dangereuses, and D.A.F. -- on a skewer. Apart from credits on a couple tracks by the Dirty Criminals, Manier was quiet for nearly a decade until a self-titled, vinyl-only double album appeared on Melvin "Traxx" Oliphant's Nation label in September 2013. The material, not different in style from the Ghostly 12", was recorded from 2002 through 2012. In 2015, Mullinix released the second Manier album, American Manier, on his Bopside label. ~ Andy Kellman